Liquid-atomizer



D. J. IRISH. LIQUID ATOMIZER.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 27,1918- Patented Mar. 2, 1920.

11v VENTOR.

#14 TTOR/VE YJ,

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

DAVID J. IRISH, OF BABBEBTON, OHIO, ASSIGNOB TO THE BABCOCK & WILCOX comm, OF BAYONNE, NEW JERSEY, A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

LIQUID-TOWER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Oriflnal application fled llovember 22. 1915, Serial No. 62,683. Divided and this application filed July 2'1,

Patented Mar. 2, 1920.

1918. Serial Io. 248.964.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, DAVID J. IRISH, a citizen of the United States, residing at Barberton, in the county of Summit and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Liquid-Atomizers, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to liquid atomizers, particularly those of the mechanical atomizing type designed for use with oil fuel in boiler furnaces, my present application having been divided from my earlier application Serial No. 62,683, filed November2'2, 1915. Heretofore in the usual type of atomizers the liquid fuel has flowed through the same general passageway or channel to the tip or outlet, and in some cases this general channel has been varied in size by a throttlingdevice which gradually reduces or increases the size of the supply channel, thus gradually changing the capacity. In such grzvious atomizers considerable skill has n required in careful manipulation of the throttling device to give the desired capacity.

My present invention is designed to do away with this need for special care in manipulation of the control device, and to provide means for obtaining a plurality of different capacities without requiring this careful adjustment.

In carrying out my invention I provide two or more separate general flow channels, together with a means for cutting off one of these general channels, and preferably at the same time opening the other general supply channel so that two or' more different fixed capacities may be provided. The operator without need of careful adjustment may simply change the position of the control device and thus change the capacity from one fixed amount to another fixed amount. In this way one position may be used for a forced draft where a larger capacity is desired, while in the other position natural draft may be used where the smaller capacity is desired.

The invention will be understood by reference to the accompanying drawings in which Figure 1 is a central longitudinal section, broken away and certain parts in elevation; Figs. 2 and 3 a central section and end view, respectively, of the nozzle of Fig. 1; Fig. 4 a plan view of the washer ordis having tangential slots, of Fig. 1; Figs. 5 and 6 a side and an end view of the second ary tip of Fig. 1. Similar reference numerals indicate similar parts in the several vlews.

, Referring to the figures of the drawings, the numeral 1 designates asuitable form of connecting body having a threaded opening 2 to which an oil supply pipe may be attached. This connecting body has one end closed by a cap 3 and contains a cylindrical oil strainer 4. To the other end of the connecting body is secured a hollow barrel the forward end of which is threaded, and has attached thereto a nozzle 6. which may be made to bear against a shoulder on the barrel 5 formed by reducing the end of the latter, as shown in the drawings. Through the center of the nozzle a hole 7 is drilled, and a part thereof threaded to receive the threaded end of a spindle 8. Around the central hole 7, and parallel with it, are drilled fourpassages 9 which terminate in an annular channel 10 turned outof the face of the nozzle. The outer end of the nozzle 6 is externally threaded at 11, and over said end is screwed the primary tip 12. The latter is in the form of a hollow cylinder with an end wall having on its inner side, and centrally located. a conical chamber 13 (Fig. 1). The apex of said chamber terminates a short distance from the outside of the end wall of the tip to permit of the drilling of a discharge orifice 14. Seated against the forward end of nozzle 6 is a disk.15 said disk, when the tip 12 is screwed home being clamped firmly between the tip and the nozzle. The disk 15 is formed with a central opening 16, of greater diameter than the base of the conical chamber 13. and also with four ducts 17 cut tangentially to the wall of the opening 16. and of such length as to extend over the channel 10 in the face of nozzle 6.

The spindle 8. above referred to, passes through an opening in cap 3, the head of said cap bein fitted with a packing box having a gland 18 to prevent leakage of the oil. The outer end of the spindle is provided with a handle 19 by which the spindle may be turned, the outward movement of the spindle being limited by a collar or enlargement 20 adapted to bear against the inner wall of cap 3. Thespindle 8 extends longitudinally through the bore of barrel 5 and has an enlarged threaded section 21 to engage the threaded portion of the hole 7 in nozzle 6, and a reduced threaded section 22 over which is screwed the secondary tip 29.

I form the tip 29, as shown in Figs. 5 and 6, with a closed blunt end so that when the tip is moved against the wall of chamber 13 in the primary tip a small conical chamber 31 will be formed, and access to this chamber is afforded by slots 32 formed in the face of the conical end of tip '29. In

plan, these slots are tangential to the flat face of the tip. the slots being of such width and depth as to provide the amount of oil necessary for one capacity. \Vhen the tip 29 is moved to the rear by turning spindle 8, the capacity of the atomizer is changed by reason of the fact that the oil then has free escape around the conical end of tip 29.

The operation of the atomizer above described is as follows: \Vhen the device is to be used with natural draft, the spindle 8 is turned so that the secondary ti 29 will be forced tight against the 'wall 0 the conical chamber 13 of the primary tip. Oil under pressure being admitted through the connection 2, flows through the strainer t, then along the bore of barrel through the passages 9 to channel 10, through ducts 17 into opening 16 and thence through the tangential face passages 32, forward into chamber 31 where it is given a rapid whirling moton, and escapes through the alined discharge orifice 14 in a thoroughly atomized condition.

If to be used with forced draft, the spindle 8 is so turned as to move the secondary tip 29 away from the face of recess 13, and

the oil will now be given a whirling motion as it leaves the tangential ducts 17 and escapes through the space between the end of tip :29 and the wall of recess 13 to the discharge orifice 14. The enlarged space for the escape of the oil around the end of tip 29 gives the necessary increase in the amount of oil for forced draft.

From the foregoing description it will be seen that when the secondary tip 29 is forced to its seat against the wall of conical recess 13, the capacity of the atomizer is materially reduced. While burners are known to the art which give both high and low capacities, they usually operate by gradually controlling the amount of oil from the minimum to the maximum through the same general channels, and consequently require very careful manipulation by the operator. The present two-capacity atomizer is designed to meet the requirements of forced draft in one case and of natural draft in the other without the necessity for special care in adjusting the parts; thus in one position the maximum fixed capacity is obtained, and

in the other position the fixed minimum capacity, while retaining the initial pressure of the oil at the discharge orifice and enabling the operator to change from one quantity of oil to the other without affecting the degree of atomization of the oil.

To obtain the highest efliciency the full oil pressure should be brought as near to the, tip as possible, as this enables a greater part of the available energy to be utilized in the atomization of the oil. If. for example, the pressure of the oil is diminished by, throttling, so that the pressure at the tip of the burner is one-half the initial pressure, the amount of available energy in the oil is onehalf what it-would be with the full pressure, and the efficiency of atomization is decreased through the reduction of the pressure. In the present construction the full pressure reaches the tip for a small flame as well as when the pressure is operating to produce the maximum size of flame.

What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent'of the United States is .1. A liquid atomizer comprising a nozzle having an outer tip with a discharge orifice, and an inner tip having passages formed in its outer face. said face being adapted to seat against the inner wall of said outer tip and said passages being arranged to impart a whirling movement to the liquid, and means to move said inner tip toward and away from said wall, to restrict to said face passages the supply of liquid from said nozzle to said discharge orifice, and to permit a larger supply thereto, and associated means for imparting a whirling movement to the liquid when said inner tip is moved away from said wall.

2. A liquid atomizer comprising a nozzle having an outer tip with a discharge orifice, and an inner tip having tangential passages formed in its outer face, said face being adapted to seat against the inner wall of said outer tip, and means to move said inner tip toward and away from said wall, to restrict to said face passages the supply of liquid from said nozzle to said discharge orifice. and to perm-it a larger supply thereto. and associated means for imparting a whirling movement to the, liquid when said inner tip is moved away from said wall.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

DAVID J. IRISH.

\Vitnesses E. W. Anson), C. B. SEIDLER. 

